Final answer:
To immediately address fertilizer burn, one should thoroughly water the affected area to dilute the concentration of fertilizer. Nitrogen in fertilizers is crucial for plant growth, but responsible use and regulation are needed to prevent negative consequences like fertilizer burn and environmental damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
When fertilizer burn occurs or is suspected, the best immediate action is to water the affected area thoroughly. This dilutes the concentration of fertilizer and helps to wash away excess salts that can cause the damage to plant roots indicative of fertilizer burn. It is important to continue watering over several days to flush out as much of the fertilizer as possible.
Farmers use fertilizers that contain nitrogen because nitrogen is essential for plant growth. It is a major component of chlorophyll, the compound plants use in photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy. Nitrogen also plays a critical role in the production of proteins, which are vital for the development of plant cells.
While it is not feasible to completely eliminate the use of fertilizers, advocating for the responsible use and regulation of fertilizers in agricultural and residential areas is essential in minimizing the risk of fertilizer burn and reducing negative environmental impacts such as algal blooms and dead zones. Additionally, restoring wetlands can help absorb excess fertilizers before they reach bodies of water.