Final answer:
After one division in mitosis, a cell will have 46 double-stranded chromosomes. If the cell has undergone the first round of meiosis, it will have 23 double-stranded chromosomes, heading into the second division.
Step-by-step explanation:
After one division in a human body cell, which has initially 46 chromosomes, the number of chromosomes in the resulting cells depends on the type of cell division that has occurred. If it is mitosis, the division results in two daughter cells, each with 46 chromosomes. These chromosomes are double-stranded as each chromosome is made of two sister chromatids at this stage. In contrast, if the cell has undergone meiosis, which is a two-step division process, after the first division, the cells (now called daughter cells) are haploid, meaning each cell has 23 chromosomes. But, these chromosomes are still double-stranded because they have not gone through the second meiotic division, which separates the sister chromatids.
In summary, after one division through mitosis, a human cell will contain 46 double-stranded chromosomes, which are identical to the parent cell. If the division is the first round of meiosis, the cells will have 23 double-stranded chromosomes, which are not identical to the parent cell and are prepared for the second meiotic division.