Final answer:
Pakistan and Bangladesh were both formed from the British colony of India after it gained independence in 1947. Initially united as East and West Pakistan, political and ethnic tensions led to the separation of Bangladesh as an independent nation in 1971. The partition of India led to the creation of separate nations based on religious majorities, marking a significant historical change in the region.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pakistan and Bangladesh Formation
Pakistan and Bangladesh were formed from the British colony of India after it gained independence following World War II. These two countries originated as East and West Pakistan in 1947 following the end of British colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent. The creation of Pakistan was mainly advocated by the Muslim League, and Pakistan was initially a united Muslim state with East and West regions under one government. However, a civil war erupted due to political, ethnic, and linguistic tensions, leading to the independence of Bangladesh in 1971.
Rapid population growth in both countries presents challenges regarding natural resources and social services. Their populations are high and increasing swiftly, with economies primarily based on agriculture. A significant rural-to-urban population shift is also underway in both nations. Despite beginning as one political entity, the physical and ethnic differences, along with political strife, facilitated the emergence of two separate nations.
The partition of India, which created Pakistan and India as separate nations, led to massive migrations and upheavals. The partition not only separated Hindus and Muslims into India and Pakistan, respectively, but it also created the basis for the future emergence of Bangladesh from East Pakistan. The region of Bengal, which became East Pakistan, later became Bangladesh due to the political and social disaffection that arose from the lack of response to natural disasters and political marginalization by the Pakistani government of the time.