Final answer:
In the early immune response against inhaled pathogens, cells such as macrophages, mast cells, and natural killer (NK) cells are most active, being crucial components of the innate immune system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cells that participate in the early immune response against inhaled pathogens in air include several types of white blood cells such as macrophages, mast cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. These cells are part of the innate immune system and provide the first line of defense when pathogens enter the body through the respiratory tract. Macrophages are particularly effective at engulfing and destroying pathogens through phagocytosis. Mast cells release histamines which contribute to inflammatory responses, while NK cells target and destroy virus-infected cells and tumor cells.
Furthermore, the body also relies on antimicrobial proteins such as complement and interferon, which are stimulated during the initial days of an infection. Additionally, dendritic cells help in capturing antigens and presenting them to lymph nodes, initiating an adaptive immune response.