Final answer:
The three functions of memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval. These functions are responsible for inputting information into the memory system, keeping it over time, and accessing it when needed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three functions of memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval. The correct answer to the student's question is d. encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Encoding is the initial learning of information; storage pertains to maintaining information over periods of time; and retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it. Encoding involves various ways that information comes into our memory system, from automatic processes to effortful processing. Storage includes keeping information over time and is divided into different types such as short-term and long-term memories. Lastly, retrieval is the process of getting information out when required, using recall, recognition, or relearning. These functions are crucial for understanding how memory works and for optimizing our learning and recall abilities.