Final answer:
New information is stored in the brain through processes like elaborative rehearsal and chunking, using the encoding, storage, and retrieval functions of memory.
Step-by-step explanation:
New information can be stored in the brain by utilizing techniques such as elaborative rehearsal and chunking. Elaborative rehearsal is a method where new information is connected to existing knowledge, facilitating better memorization. For example, linking a new phone number's area code to a known location like Arizona can make it more memorable. This process ties in with the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, which outlines the stages through which information passes - from sensory input to short-term memory and, finally, long-term memory through rehearsal.
Incorporating new information into the correct region of memory involves encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system, followed by storage, the creation of a permanent record of information. To firmly establish this information in long-term memory, rehearsal, such as repeating the data or associating it with existing memories, is often necessary. This type of memory incorporation is vital for creating explicit memories, which we can consciously recall and is distinguished from implicit memory, which operates below the level of conscious awareness.