Final answer:
These practices involve replacing harmful processes with safer ones, separating hazardous materials from workers, and managing air quality through filtration and ventilation to ensure a safe environment in places such as labs and healthcare facilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of the question is the implementation of engineering controls and work practices in various operations to control the growth and spread of microorganisms. These practices are grounded in three core sections: Substitution, Isolation, and Ventilation. In the context of microbial growth control, these methods are utilized to establish a safe environment in places like laboratories and healthcare facilities.
Substitution involves replacing a hazardous material or process with a less hazardous one to reduce the risk of exposure to harmful microorganisms. Isolation refers to separating the hazardous process or material from the worker, often through the use of barriers or spatial distance. Ventilation is the process of diluting or removing contaminated air and replacing it with clean air to prevent the accumulation of airborne contaminants, including microorganisms.
Specific examples of these controls include the use of biological safety cabinets (BSCs) in laboratories, which employ HEPA filtration to clean the air of microbial contaminants. The proper design and maintenance of air conditioning systems and the utilization of specific measures such as sterilization, disinfection, and use of antiseptics are part of an overall strategy to control microbial growth in various settings.