Final answer:
Joint operations are planned and executed with guidance obtained from joint doctrine, which provides fundamental principles to guide military activities and ensure effective coordination among branches.
Step-by-step explanation:
Guidance from which joint operations are planned and executed is obtained from joint doctrine.
Joint doctrine provides fundamental principles that guide the activities and operations of the armed forces from the highest levels of strategic planning down to tactical movements on the battlefield. It serves as a guideline that ensures coordination and uniformity among the different military branches during joint operations. Doctrine is developed based on the combined experiences and knowledge within the military establishment and often encapsulates lessons learned from past operations.
By following an established doctrine, military forces can work together cohesively and effectively when planning and executing operations. This guidance is essential for interoperability, standardization, and the successful integration of efforts to achieve a common objective.