Final answer:
The best-known pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) found on gram-negative bacteria and peptidoglycan found on gram-positive bacteria. PAMPs are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are phagocyte receptors that bind molecules commonly found on pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
The best-known of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) found on gram-negative bacteria, and peptidoglycan, found on gram-positive bacteria.
The pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are carbohydrate, polypeptide, and nucleic acid 'signature' that are expressed by viruses, bacteria, and parasites but differ from molecules on host cells. They are recognized by the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are phagocyte receptors that bind molecules commonly found on pathogens.
For example, in gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharides in their cell walls act as PAMPs, while in gram-positive bacteria, peptidoglycan in their cell walls serves as the PAMP. These PAMPs are essential for the immune system to identify and respond to pathogens.