Final answer:
The question involves using Physics to calculate the force needed to create a specific gauge pressure in a balloon used in artificial ventilation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is based on the principle of fluid mechanics, which is a branch in Physics. It relates to artificial ventilation where force needs to be exerted on a balloon to provide air to an unconscious person's lungs. The required gauge pressure is given as 4.00 cm water, which is a unit of pressure, and the area on which force is applied is 50.0 cm².
To calculate the force, we need to use the formula: Pressure = Force / Area. Firstly, we need to convert the gauge pressure from cm water to pascals (Pa), as 1 cm water is equivalent to 98.0665 Pa. Therefore, a 4.00 cm water gauge pressure equals 4.00 x 98.0665 Pa. Next, applying the formula, the force can be found by multiplying the pressure with the area. The area should be in m² for consistency with SI units, which means converting 50.0 cm² into m².