Final answer:
Ears detect sound through vibrations transformed into nerve impulses by the cochlea, and eyes detect light through the retina converting light waves into signals processed by the brain.
Step-by-step explanation:
How Ears Detect Sound and Eyes Detect Light
Ears detect sound by capturing sound waves that travel through the air, which then cause vibrations in the eardrum that are transmitted through the ossicles to the cochlea. Here, hair cells within the cochlea convert these vibrations into nerve impulses that travel to the brain via the auditory nerve. The brain processes these signals and "tells" us what we are hearing.
Eyes detect light when light waves enter through the pupil and are focused by the lens onto the retina, particularly on a region called the fovea. The retina, which contains photoreceptor cells known as rods and cones, converts light into chemical signals that generate nerve impulses. These impulses then travel to the brain through the optic nerve where the brain makes sense of the visual information, allowing for sight.