Final answer:
a. Type I survivorship curve Primate species that have few offspring and provide high levels of parental care exhibit a Type I survivorship curve, characterized by low mortality among younger and middle-aged individuals
Step-by-step explanation:
The primate species described, which have few offspring and provide a high level of parental care, are represented by a Type I survivorship curve. This type of curve is characterized by low mortality among young and middle-aged individuals, with most deaths occurring in the older age groups. Species with Type I curves typically have fewer offspring but invest more in parental care, enhancing the survival rate of their young. This contrasts with Type II, which shows a relatively constant mortality rate across all ages, and Type III, which is marked by high mortality rates in the early life stages with a few individuals surviving to old age.
The idealized survivorship curve being described for primate species that have few offspring and high levels of parental care is Type I survivorship curve. Type I survivorship curves are characterized by low mortality in early and middle years, with death occurring predominantly in older individuals. Species with Type I survivorship curves typically have small numbers of offspring and provide significant parental care to ensure their survival.