Final answer:
A graphical representation of data using adjacent bars to show frequency distribution is called a Histogram, which is ideal for large sets of continuous quantitative data.
Step-by-step explanation:
A graphical representation of data using bars of different heights to reflect the distribution of numerical data is called a Histogram. Unlike bar graphs where bars are separated, in a histogram the bars are drawn adjacent to one another to represent continuous data. Each bar typically has an equal width that corresponds to a class interval or range of data, and the height of the bar represents the frequency of data within that interval. Histograms are particularly useful for large sets of continuous quantitative data.
While bar graphs may also use vertical or horizontal bars to show comparisons across categories or changes over time, they differ from histograms as they represent categorical data and the bars are separated to emphasize the discrete nature of the data. Likewise, pie charts depict how an overall total is divided into parts and are useful for showing relative sizes of subgroups, yet they are distinct from histograms and bar graphs because they present data in a circular format. Scatter graphs and line graphs are other types of data presentations, the former being used for showing relationships between two variables and the latter for showing trends over time.