Final answer:
The Triple Alliance was formed in 1882 by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, largely due to the efforts of German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. Additionally, an earlier Triple Alliance existed as an Aztec coalition with Texcoco and Tlacopan in 1428.
Step-by-step explanation:
In which year was the Triple Alliance created and by whom?
The Triple Alliance was formed in 1882 by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy with the aim of mutual support against potential threats from other European powers, particularly France and Russia. However, it’s worth mentioning that there were two significant Triple Alliances in history. The earlier Triple Alliance was an agreement established in 1428 between the Aztecs and two other city-states, Texcoco and Tlacopan, creating a coalition that dominated Central Mexico before the Spanish conquest.
Concerning the Triple Alliance of the early 20th century, German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck was instrumental in its formation, as he sought to prevent France from gaining allies by diplomatically isolating it. Bismarck's foreign policy was geared towards strengthening Germany's position in Europe, and the Triple Alliance played a crucial role in that context. This alliance was a countermovement against the Triple Entente composed of France, Great Britain, and Russia. It is also important to distinguish the World War I alliances – where the Central Powers included the Ottoman Empire as the Triple Alliance had evolved after Italy switched sides in 1915.