Final answer:
The process of getting information into memory is called encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system through automatic or effortful processing. Chunking is different; it's about organizing information into manageable units.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of getting information into memory is called encoding. Encoding is the act of inputting information into our memory system. This involves receiving sensory information from the environment and then our brains code it, organizing it with other similar information and connecting new concepts to existing ones. Encoding can occur through both automatic processing and effortful processing. Automatic processing occurs without conscious awareness, such as when we remember times, places, and the meaning of words. Effortful processing requires attention and conscious work, as when we actively study material for a test.
Chunking is a strategy that organizes information into manageable units, making it easier to remember. However, it is a different concept from encoding. For instance, to recall a phone number, you might break it down into segments (chunks) such as 520-555-0467, which is easier to retain and recall later.
The three basic functions of memory are encoding, storing, and retrieving information, making encoding the correct answer from the options provided. Once encoded, information is then stored and finally retrieved when needed.