Final answer:
The decomposition of dead organisms is important for soil formation because it adds essential organic matter to the soil, enhancing its structure and fertility, and is vital for plant growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Importance of Decomposition in Soil Formation
Decomposition plays a crucial role in soil formation and fertility. When dead organisms decompose, they add organic matter to the soil, which is a vital component for sustaining plant growth. This organic matter, often forming a substance called humus, helps in retaining soil moisture and contributes to the soil's capacity to support plant life. Additionally, it acts as a cementing agent, making the soil tillable for farming and providing energy for soil microorganisms. Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi are essential in recycling nutrients in the ecosystem, for example, breaking down organic compounds and releasing nitrogen in the form of ammonium ions, which can then be transformed into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria.
Soil microorganisms play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, such as those of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous, which are essential for the stability of ecosystems. The decomposition of dead matter by soil organisms prevents the accumulation of wastes and ensures that necessary nutrients are cycled back into the ecosystem.
Therefore, the decomposition of dead organisms is important for soil formation because it adds essential organic matter to the soil, which enhances soil structure and fertility, crucial for larger plant growth. It does not directly affect the ionic charges for absorption by plants, produce acidic compounds to dissolve rock surfaces, or increase silt content in the soil. Hence, the correct answer is (b) The process adds organic matter to the soil, which is necessary to support the growth of larger plants.