Question

(Gould) It is shown that in adult macaques, ____ are added to the prefrontal, inferior temporal, and posterior parietal cortex, but ___ to a primary sensory area (striate cortex). These new neurons, which are ___ in adulthood, may play a role in the functions of ____.

Answer 1

Gould's research indicates that new neurons are added in adult macaques to the prefrontal, inferior temporal, and posterior parietal cortex, key areas for higher cognitive functioning, unlike primary sensory areas such as the striate cortex.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question pertains to the findings by Gould regarding neuronal addition in adult macaques. In adult macaques, new neurons are shown to be added to the prefrontal, inferior temporal, and posterior parietal cortex, which are areas involved in complex cognitive processes like working memory, attention, abstract reasoning, and executive functions.

These added neurons contribute to the capabilities of these regions responsible for higher-order cognitive tasks, unlike primary sensory areas such as the striate cortex (primary visual cortex), where new neurons are not typically added.

The prefrontal cortex is significant for cognitive functions that lead to goal-directed behaviors and is involved in organizing and representing information to achieve these goals. It's important for executive functions and also involves the secondary motor cortices, which include the premotor cortex and the supplemental motor area, all of which can be impacted by the addition of new neurons.