Final answer:
Hilgard's view that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components, one of which follows the hypnotist's commands and the other of which acts as a "hidden observer" is known as dissociation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hilgard's view that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components, one of which follows the hypnotist's commands and the other of which acts as a "hidden observer" is known as dissociation. This theory suggests that during hypnosis, individuals experience a division in their consciousness, where one part of their mind is obedient to the suggestions of the hypnotist, while another part maintains awareness and observation of their actions. This concept was supported by Ernest Hilgard's experiments on hypnosis and pain, where participants demonstrated dissociated behavior and responses.