Final answer:
The correct option is B). Infants require more than twice an adult's requirement of calories per pound due to their rapid growth and development, with a typical infant's energy need being around 110 calories per kilogram or 50 calories per pound.
Step-by-step explanation:
Infants have much higher energy needs in comparison to their body weight than adults. When considering the caloric requirements per pound, infants should consume more than twice an adult's requirement of calories per pound. Specifically, under 1-year-old infants require approximately 110 calories per kilogram (which is about 50 calories per pound), a considerable amount given their small size. This high caloric need is essential to support their rapid growth and development. For adults, caloric needs are significantly less per pound because they are maintaining weight rather than growing.