Final answer:
A karyotype is the ordered display of chromosome pairs, arranged by characteristic features such as length, banding pattern, and centromere position, which is used in genetic testing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The display of chromosome pairs, which are ordered and arranged by similar features, is known as a karyotype. This is created through a process that involves staining chromosomes with dyes like Giemsa to reveal distinct banding patterns. The geneticist analyzes these chromosomes under a microscope, identifying each band based on its length, banding pattern, and centromere position. The chromosomes are then digitally photographed and manually arranged to create an ordered depiction, aligning homologous pairs of chromosomes from longest to shortest. This arrangement is an essential tool for genetic testing and understanding chromosomal structures and inheritance patterns.