Final answer:
Ophthalmology is the health profession focusing on the eyes and related structures, including the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases and performing eye surgeries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The health profession that focuses on the eyes and related structures is Ophthalmology. Ophthalmologists are medical doctors who specialize in eye and vision care, diagnosing and treating eye diseases, performing eye surgery, and prescribing and fitting eyeglasses and contact lenses to correct vision problems. It is distinct from optometry and opticians, who also work in eye care but do not perform surgeries or diagnose all eye-related diseases.