Final answer:
Cues such as words, pictures, and mnemonic devices are used to retrieve memories. Recall, recognition, and relearning are key processes in memory retrieval. Mnemonic devices and visual encoding are techniques to enhance this retrieval from long-term memory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The words, pictures, and other cues used to access stored memory are essential in the processes of recall, recognition, and relearning. Recall is the ability to retrieve information without cues, recognition involves identifying previously learned information upon re-encountering it, and relearning is quicker reacquisition of knowledge that was previously learned. Mnemonic devices, visual encoding, and getting enough sleep are some strategies that can enhance memory retrieval from long-term storage.
Mnemonic devices are particularly helpful methods for organizing information for efficient retrieval, such as acronyms and acrostic phrases. Visual encoding aids in remembering information by creating mental images that are easier to recall, especially when dealing with concrete, high-imagery words. In contrast, acoustic encoding focuses on the encoding of sounds, particularly the phonetic aspects of words.