Question

Which of the following is true of executive function?

A) It shows considerable increase in late adulthood and is strongly linked to increase in working memory.
B) It consists of a number of low-level cognitive processes.
C) It is unrelated to health, emotion regulation, and social functioning.
D) It involves managing one's thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and to exercise self-control.

Answer 1

The true statement about executive function is that it involves managing one's thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and to exercise self-control. Executive functions are crucial for daily activities that include working memory, decision-making, and problem-solving.

Step-by-step explanation:

Among the provided options, the one that is true of executive function is:

D) It involves managing one's thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and to exercise self-control.

Executive function includes higher cognitive processes such as working memory, attentional control, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and problem-solving, which are necessary for managing behaviors towards achieving goals. It is essential for daily living and becomes more crucial as we navigate complex social situations, multi-task, and make decisions that require planning and resisting distractions. Additionally, while executive function tends to show declines in late adulthood due to a decrease in fluid intelligence, some factors such as aerobic exercise have been shown to improve or maintain executive functions across the lifespan.

Answer 2

Executive function involves managing one's thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and to exercise self-control. It is responsible for higher cognitive processes such as working memory and attention.

Step-by-step explanation:

Executive function involves managing one's thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and to exercise self-control. It is responsible for higher cognitive processes such as working memory and attention. The prefrontal cortex, specifically the prefrontal areas of the frontal lobe, plays a key role in executive function.