Final answer:
A folate deficiency can occur due to a diet lacking in folate-rich foods, poor absorption due to certain diseases, increased needs during pregnancy, and disruptions to intestinal microflora. It is essential for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Because of the way in which the body handles folate, a folate deficiency can occur if the diet lacks meat or a viable alternate source, if there is overcooking or eating insufficient amounts of vegetables, or due to poor absorption related to certain diseases such as celiac disease. It's also common in groups with increased needs for folate like pregnant women, teens, and children, and in those with dietary restrictions such as vegans and vegetarians.
Pregnancies, some medications, excessive alcohol consumption, and intestinal issues are also factors that can lead to a deficiency in folate. During pregnancy, the early stages are particularly crucial for folate intake to prevent neural tube defects like spina bifida and anencephaly, since folate is vital for the healthy development of the neural tube.
Sources of folate include leafy green vegetables, whole wheat, fruits, nuts, and legumes. In addition, when the intestinal microflora is disrupted, such as during antibiotic therapy, a folate deficiency may arise since these microorganisms synthesize folic acid using PABA. Consequently, external sources of folate become direly necessary.