Final answer:
Iteration in modular design refers to a repetitive or cyclical process used to gradually improve a design through continuous testing and refinement. It is also known as looping, and it forms a core part of the spiral design process.
Step-by-step explanation:
In modular design, iteration also is called looping. Iteration is a repetitive or cyclical process that is crucial in the engineering design process. Each phase of the project is completed in repetitive cycles until the desired result is achieved. The spiral design process is an example of iterative design. This process involves continuously evolving a project through stages such as prototyping, testing, and refinement. This iterative approach is advantageous as it allows for continuous improvement, although it can consume more time and resources.
For the multiple-choice question, the correct answer is 'c. iteration' because iteration refers to a cyclic process where the system follows the same path for every cycle. Such iterations are essential for improving designs, as with each iteration, better understanding is gained, leading to refinements and enhancements.