Final answer:
Hemoglobin is incorrectly described in the statement; it consists of globin (protein part) and heme (iron-containing component). Globin contains four polypeptide chains, each bonded to a heme group with iron that binds oxygen.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that 'Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin' is False. Hemoglobin is actually a large molecule composed of a protein component known as globin, and a non-protein, iron-containing component called heme. The globin portion consists of four polypeptide chains—two alpha and two beta chains—each of which is associated with a heme group. Within the heme group, the iron atom binds to oxygen, which allows hemoglobin to transport oxygen to body cells and carbon dioxide to the lungs for expulsion. It is the iron within the heme group that imparts the red color to blood, more specifically the red color is due to oxygenated blood being bright red, whereas deoxygenated blood is darker.