Final answer:
Virgil, a well-known poet from the Augustan period, wrote The Aeneid, which showcases Rome's predestined role as a world leader through the tale of the Trojan hero Aeneas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The literary epic The Aeneid, which immortalized Rome's destiny as world ruler, was penned by the respected poet Virgil. Virgil is renowned for his contributions to Roman epic poetry and is often regarded as a paramount figure within the Augustan period. His work, The Aeneid, was deeply influenced by earlier Greek authors, as Roman literature from its early stages was significantly shaped by Greek literary traditions. Among these inspirations, the works of Homer, such as The Iliad and The Odyssey, are notable for their impact on Roman epic narrative. Virgil's magnum opus encapsulates the spirit of Roman virtues and destinies through the story of Aeneas, a Trojan hero, and the trials he faces to fulfill his role in the founding of Rome.