Final answer:
To treat postpartum hemorrhage, intravenous administration of fluids such as ordinary NaCl solution or a mixture of isotonic saline and Na lactate is necessary to replace lost fluid and electrolytes. Alternatively, saline solutions mimicking the electrolyte content of plasma can temporarily substitute for blood transfusions when necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
For a client experiencing postpartum hemorrhage, the nurse should focus on replacing lost blood volume. Fluids such as ordinary NaCl solution, or a combination of isotonic saline and Na lactate, may be administered intravenously to repair fluid and electrolyte losses.
If there is significant blood loss, it is imperative to establish proper access and provide fluids promptly to address this urgent situation. In acute hemorrhage scenarios where blood transfusion is not immediately available, a saline solution containing vital electrolytes is often used as a temporary measure.
Efforts to develop artificial blood substitutes are underway to facilitate oxygen transport where traditional transfusions might pose compatibility issues. Postpartum care also involves thorough examination of the expelled placenta to ensure no fragments remain that could prolong hemorrhage.
Additionally, hormonal responses such as activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism and increased production of erythropoietin (EPO) by the kidneys are crucial for restoring blood volume over time.