Final answer:
DNA ligase is not used for cutting DNA but for joining DNA fragments. The incorrect pairing is B) DNA ligase-cutting DNA, whereas it should be associated with joining DNA fragments after restriction enzymes have made the cuts. The correct option is B) DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends of restriction fragments
Step-by-step explanation:
The tool of recombinant DNA technology that is incorrectly paired with its use is B) DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends of restriction fragments. DNA ligase is actually used for joining DNA fragments together by forming phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides. It is not used for cutting DNA. That function is performed by restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific sequences to create either blunt or sticky ends, depending on the enzyme. Sticky ends have overhanging single-stranded DNA that can base pair with complementary sticky ends from other DNA fragments, facilitating the joining or ligation process by DNA ligase.
Restriction enzymes are used both for cleaving specific DNA sequences and for the analysis of RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms). RFLPs are variations between individuals in the length of DNA fragments generated by restriction enzymes, which can be used in various analyses such as genetic fingerprinting.
Electrophoresis is used for the separation of DNA fragments based on their size, utilizing an electric field applied to a gel matrix. Finally, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) employs DNA polymerase to exponentially amplify a specific section of DNA, which enables detailed analysis and various applications in genetics and molecular biology. The correct option is B) DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends of restriction fragments