Final answer:
The circulatory and excretory systems are responsible for transporting nutrients to cells, determining cell volume, removing waste products, and maintaining the body's temperature. The heart, blood vessels, and kidneys work together to supply oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon dioxide and wastes, with the kidneys also managing urine production and homeostasis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The system that transports nutrients to the cells, determines the cell volume, removes waste products such as urine, and acts as a coolant system for the body is the circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It works in coordination with the excretory system, particularly the kidneys, to maintain homeostasis. The circulatory system supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cells and removes carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes. Conversely, the kidneys filter the blood to retain needed substances, produce urine, and help maintain the proper balance of ions and water in the body.
The introduction of urine into the system plays a crucial role in the removal of excess water, salts, and nitrogenous wastes from the body, which helps in controlling the body's pH and water-salt balance. The kidneys are central to these processes, with specialized cells called nephrons playing a key role in urine formation through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Overall, the circulatory and excretory systems are vital for defending against diseases and ensuring that the body's internal environment remains stable by regulating temperature and removing harmful substances.