Final answer:
Individuals with celiac disease must follow a strict gluten-free diet to prevent damage to the small intestine's lining and avoid associated health complications. Gluten is found in wheat, barley, and rye, necessitating careful label reading and the exclusion of many common foods from their diet.
Step-by-step explanation:
People with celiac disease have a critical intolerance to gluten, which is found in grains such as wheat, barley, and rye. Ingestion of gluten leads to an autoimmune response that damages the small intestine's lining, causing a flattening of the villi which are essential for nutrient absorption. This damage can lead to various health problems such as malnutrition, gastrointestinal distress, and an increased risk for certain cancers.
A gluten-free diet is the primary treatment for someone with celiac disease or sprue. This means strictly avoiding any foods that contain gluten, such as most bread, pasta, and many processed items. The diet should focus on naturally gluten-free foods like fruits, vegetables, meats, fish, rice, and legumes. It's essential to read labels carefully since gluten can be hidden in many products. In some cases, medications or supplements may be necessary to manage inflammation or nutritional deficiencies.
It is paramount for individuals with celiac disease to adhere to a gluten-free diet; failure to do so could result in worsening symptoms and long-term health issues.