Final answer:
Equatorial regions receive significantly more solar energy than polar regions due to the direct angle of sunlight. A reasonable estimate given the understanding of solar incidence angles would be option C, 2.4 times as much solar energy, but the specific value should be confirmed with a definitive source.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking about the disparity in solar energy received by the equatorial regions compared to the polar regions over the course of a year. Solar energy distribution on Earth is significantly influenced by the curvature of the Earth and its tilt, which affects the angle of solar radiation reaching different parts of the planet. Areas around the equator receive more direct sunlight year-round. In contrast, the poles receive sunlight at a more oblique angle, which spreads the same amount of solar energy over a larger area, resulting in less energy per unit surface area.
While the exact factor is not provided in the provided references, considering the well-accepted understanding that equatorial regions receive more solar energy due to more direct sunlight compared to polar regions which receive less due to the oblique angle of incidence, option C (2.4 times as much solar energy) would be a reasonable estimation. Note, however, the actual multiplier can vary depending on the specific source, and confirming this with a definitive source would be recommended for the most accurate answer.