Final answer:
A scientific theory is a well-supported explanation of natural phenomena, not just the strongest statement scientists make; it has been rigorously tested and confirmed, and is not based on mere speculation. The statement that a theory is the strongest statement that scientists make is b.false.
Step-by-step explanation:
A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that has been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experimentation. It is a descriptive framework for our understanding of natural phenomena, based upon a wide array of facts that have been consistently validated over time. For instance, the atomic theory of matter explains that everything is made up of atoms, and the germ theory of disease explains that many diseases are caused by germs. Both of these theories explain a vast number of observations and have withstood rigorous testing and validation.
A theory is not simply a guess or speculation; it is a thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation that describes why certain phenomena occur. A key feature of a theory is that it is well-supported and unlikely to change without significant new evidence. Theories can change, but such changes require substantial evidence that current theories cannot explain.