Final answer:
Urine examinations are used for detecting urinary tract diseases, with urinalysis being a common test for diagnosis. This can include visual inspection, test strips, microscopic analysis, and culturing for bacterial infections. Such tests are essential for identifying conditions like pyelonephritis and cystitis, and determining appropriate treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Urine examinations are used to detect various types of urinary tract diseases. These diseases often occur when normal urination or immune function is impaired, allowing pathogens to cause infections. Such infections can range from simple inflammation to more serious conditions affecting the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, and kidneys.
Urinalysis is a common urinary test to diagnose such diseases. It can involve a visual and olfactory inspection of the urine, the use of test strips, or more specific analyses if a disorder is suspected. During a urinalysis, the urine might be examined under a microscope to detect the presence of abnormal substances like proteins, red blood cells, pus cells, bacteria, cellular casts, and crystals. If a bacterial infection is suspected, culturing the urine sample can identify the type of bacteria present, which is crucial for treatment with the appropriate antibiotics.
Conditions like pyelonephritis, cystitis, and non-gonococcal urethritis, among others, can be detected and diagnosed using urine tests. These are serious conditions that require medical attention to prevent further complications, such as the potential spread of bacteria to other parts of the body or systemic complications.