Final answer:
The vision receptors described are rods, which are sensitive to low light, aid in peripheral vision, and excel in motion detection. They operate well in dim conditions due to high convergence but do not provide color information.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vision receptors being described in the question are rods, which are one of the two major types of light-sensing cells found in the retina, alongside cones. Rods are highly sensitive and capable of functioning in low light conditions, contributing to peripheral vision and the ability to detect motion. Unlike cones, which are responsible for color vision and central vision, rods contain only one type of photopigment and thus do not provide color information, but they are very effective in dark environments where they allow us to see shades of grey.
Rods exhibit a high level of convergence, meaning that many rods are connected to a single nerve, enhancing their ability to detect dim light but reducing their spatial resolution. The rods' presence in the outer edges of the retina allows for excellent motion detection in our peripheral vision. Although rods are not responsible for color vision, their sensitivity to light and motion is crucial for night vision.