Final answer:
Stripping the villi from the small intestine would lead to D. decreased surface area for absorption, resulting in improper nutrient uptake and malabsorption issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the villi of the small intestine were stripped away, the effect would be a decreased surface area for absorption. Villi, along with microvilli, drastically increase the surface area of the small intestine—by about 600 times—to facilitate the efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Without these structures, the small intestine could not effectively absorb nutrients, and substances such as bile salts and vitamin B12 would not be absorbed properly.
This would not result in the large intestine taking over as the primary absorptive site, development of a duodenal ulcer, or an increase in salivary amylase secretion. Instead, it would lead to malabsorption issues because the intricate network of blood and lymph vessels contained in the villi, where absorbed nutrients are transferred to the body's circulation, would be compromised.