Question

The abuse of which of the following substances during pregnancy is the leading cause of cognitive impairment in the United States?

a. Alcohol
b. Tobacco
c. Marijuana
d. Heroin

Answer 1

The abuse of alcohol during pregnancy is the leading cause of cognitive impairment in the United States. It can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) which may result in physical abnormalities and cognitive deficits in children.

Step-by-step explanation:

Alcohol

The abuse of alcohol during pregnancy is the leading cause of cognitive impairment in the United States. Alcohol crosses the placenta and can affect the developing fetus, leading to a range of issues collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Children with FASD may have physical abnormalities, cognitive deficits, and behavioral problems.

Examples:

• Physically, children with FASD may have a small head size and abnormal facial features.
• Cognitively, these children may have poor judgment, poor impulse control, higher rates of ADHD, learning issues, and lower IQ scores.