Final answer:
Antihypertensives are administered to preeclamptic patients to control high blood pressure, minimize the risk of heart failure or stroke, and manage hypertensive crises. First-line medications include calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors, used with caution in pregnancy. In severe cases, IV antihypertensives are given under close medical supervision.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antihypertensives are given to a preeclamptic patient to manage their high blood pressure and to prevent complications such as heart failure or stroke. In the context of preeclampsia, these medications are critical as they help manage the hypertensive crisis that can occur with this condition. Medications such as calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are among the first-line treatments for hypertension in general, but special considerations are taken when treating pregnant women due to potential effects on the fetus. In cases of severe preeclampsia or with the onset of a hypertensive crisis, intravenous (IV) antihypertensives may be administered to quickly reduce blood pressure. It's essential for such treatments to be closely monitored by healthcare professionals to ensure both maternal and fetal safety.