Final answer:
Kepler's Third Law states the ratio of the squares of the periods of two planets around the Sun is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances. Kepler's Second Law states that a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. These laws describe the relationship between a planet's orbit and its motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Kepler's Third Law states that the ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets around the Sun is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the Sun. In equation form, this is written as T1^2 / T2^2 = R1^3 / R2^3, where T1 and T2 are the periods of the two planets and R1 and R2 are their average distances from the Sun.
Kepler's Second Law, also known as the Law of Areas, states that the line connecting a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. This means that a planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun and slower when it is farther away.
These laws describe the relationship between the period and average distance of a planet's orbit, as well as the way a planet moves in its orbit. They help us understand the motions of planets around the Sun and provide a basis for calculating various planetary properties.