Final Answer:
If the postsynaptic neuron consistently fires 10 ms before the presynaptic neuron (with the presynaptic neuron not causing the postsynaptic neuron), it typically leads to long-term potentiation (LTP) in Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP).
Step-by-step explanation:
In Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP), if the postsynaptic neuron consistently fires 10 milliseconds before the presynaptic neuron (with the presynaptic neuron not causing the postsynaptic neuron to fire), it typically results in long-term potentiation (LTP).
LTP is a form of synaptic plasticity where the strength of the synaptic connection increases. The precise timing of the spikes influences the synaptic efficacy, and the observed timing in this scenario is conducive to strengthening the connection between the two neurons. This temporal relationship aligns with the principles of STDP, where the relative timing of pre- and postsynaptic spikes plays a crucial role in determining the direction and magnitude of synaptic changes, promoting LTP in this case.