Final answer:
Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer due to its propensity to metastasize quickly. It originates in melanocytes and presents as asymmetrical, pigmented patches on the skin. Treatment primarily includes surgical excision and immunotherapy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Melanoma: The Deadliest Skin Cancer
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates in melanocytes, which are cells producing melanin in the skin's epidermis layer. Melanoma is known for being the rarest yet most serious form of skin cancer due to its high likelihood of metastasis if not treated promptly. Usually, melanoma develops from an existing mole, presenting as asymmetrical, brown or black patches with uneven borders and a raised surface. Long-term exposure to UV radiation is a leading cause of skin cancer, damaging DNA and potentially leading to melanoma even in skin areas not commonly exposed to sunlight.
Treatment often includes surgical excision to remove the cancerous tissue and immunotherapy that helps the immune system to target cancer cells. Early detection of melanoma increases the survival rate significantly; however, if it metastasizes, treatment becomes more challenging and less successful. It is crucial to regularly check for changes in moles and skin lesions and to protect skin from UV exposure using sunscreen with a high SPF, clothing, and hats.