Final Answer:
C. Links between alpha glucoses are stronger than links between beta glucoses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cellulose and starch are both polysaccharides composed of glucose units, but the key difference lies in the type of glycosidic linkages between these glucose units. Cellulose consists of β-1,4-glycosidic linkages, while starch is made up of α-1,4-glycosidic linkages. The orientation of these linkages plays a crucial role in determining the structural properties of the polymers.
The correct answer is C because β-linkages in cellulose are more stable and resistant than α-linkages in starch. The angle and position of the glycosidic linkage in cellulose allow for stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonding between adjacent chains. These bonds contribute to the formation of a highly stable, linear structure in cellulose, making it a better structural material than the more branched and helical structure of starch.
In cellulose, the β-linkages create a linear chain with a high degree of hydrogen bonding, forming strong, rigid fibers. This structural integrity is essential in providing strength and support to plant cell walls. In contrast, the α-linkages in starch result in a more coiled structure, which is less conducive to the formation of a robust and stable framework. Therefore, the type of glycosidic linkage, specifically the stronger nature of β-linkages, is the most critical factor in explaining why cellulose surpasses starch as a superior structural material.