Final answer:
The critically important factor in forming a global strategic partnership is learning from partners, which helps firms gain a competitive advantage by improving productivity and innovation.
Step-by-step explanation:
When forming a global strategic partnership (GSP), one factor that is considered critically important is learning from partners. This approach aligns with the concepts of intra-industry trade where specialization and economies of scale play significant roles. Firms engage in specific learning about specialized products and services that can lead to improved worker productivity and competitive advantages in international trade. The importance of learning from partners supports the dynamic nature of comparative advantage and provides a platform for innovation and growth within the GSP. It is essential to acknowledge that while common market leadership goals, organizational structure similarities, and profitability are important, the ability to learn from each other facilitates continuous improvement and adaptation in the global market.