Final answer:
The cerebellum is the brain region primarily associated with implicit or procedural memory, essential for skills and actions performed unconsciously.
Step-by-step explanation:
The region of the brain responsible for implicit or procedural memory is primarily the cerebellum. This area of the brain is crucial for the storage and processing of procedural memories which involve skills and actions that can be executed without conscious thought; skills such as riding a bicycle or driving.
While implicit memories can influence both behaviors and cognitive tasks without our conscious awareness, creating an analogy to programs running in the background of a computer, the cerebellum plays a significant role in refining and retaining this type of memory. Even if one were to lose the hippocampus, the part of the brain more involved with explicit memories, implicit memories could still be formed thanks to the cerebellum. Lesions in the cerebellum of animals, such as rabbits, have been shown to affect their ability to learn conditioned responses, illustrating the significance of the cerebellum in implicit memory formation.