Final answer:
The statement that everyone has the same amount of taste buds is false. Taste buds differ among individuals, and they house cells that can detect the range of fundamental taste sensations, which the brain interprets.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is false that everyone has the same amount of taste buds. People have varying numbers of taste buds, and this can affect their sense of taste. Taste buds are found on the tongue and are responsible for sensing the five cardinal tastes: sour, sweet, bitter, salt, and acrid. Moreover, the composition of taste receptor cells within each taste bud allows the brain to recognize and differentiate the wide array of flavors we experience when eating.
A single taste bud contains 50-100 taste cells, representing all five taste sensations, and when a taste receptor cell is stimulated, it triggers action potentials in adjacent sensory neurons. These neurons send messages to the brain, which interprets the signals as specific tastes.