Final answer:
A method for parties to avoid fighting over resources is through the establishment of well-defined property rights. Another method is through logrolling, which involves exchanging resources of value. In some cases, governmental intervention is necessary to prevent conflicts over resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
A method for parties to avoid fighting over resources is through the establishment of well-defined property rights. By clearly defining the legal rights of ownership on which others are not allowed to infringe without paying compensation, conflict over resource allocation can be minimized. If either party has a property right, they will be more likely to seek out and pay for the least costly method of reducing the risk to the resource, ultimately reducing the potential for fighting.
Another method is through logrolling, which involves exchanging resources of value. If two parties each have something the other wants, they can engage in bargaining and trade their resources for their mutual benefit. While it may not be a perfect solution, logrolling can help avoid fighting by finding a mutually agreeable outcome.
In some cases, governmental intervention is necessary to prevent conflicts over resources. One option is for the government to have the authority to protect the resource through force. Another option is to privatize the resource by putting a price on it, effectively removing it from the commons and requiring anyone who wants to use it to pay for it.