Final answer:
The dorsal stream is the visual pathway that flows along the top part of the cortex, connecting the occipital to parietal lobes and is specialized for the perception of motion and spatial localization, which in turn guides motor responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The visual pathway specialized for motion and localization, which flows along the top part of the cortex, is known as the dorsal stream. This pathway is responsible for processing visual motion and guiding bodily movements in relation to that motion. It involves connections between cortical areas from the occipital to parietal lobes. Visual information is segregated by the brain so that one half of the visual field projects to the opposite side of the brain. Within the cortical areas, the perception of stimuli along with their location is facilitated by two streams, namely the ventral and dorsal streams. The dorsal stream is particularly important for understanding motion and spatial localization and is associated with the somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobe.
This pathway assists in driving actions in the frontal lobe to generate body movements that correlate with visual cues. The dorsal stream also involves interactions with the motor systems, originating in the frontal lobe, including the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for planning and executing movements through pathways that involve large Betz cells, the corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts, and the motor neurons.