Final answer:
A survey that omits individuals without phones commits a 'coverage error,' which can lead to selection bias by excluding certain population segments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kind of error that is called when a survey on aging conducted by telephone systematically omits those without phones is called coverage error. This type of error occurs when some members of the population are not covered by the sampling frame and thus have no chance of being selected for the survey. In the given scenario, people without telephones are excluded, which can lead to biased results if the phoneless population differs in significant ways (such as income level, age, or health status) from those with phones. It is important to ensure that the survey reaches all segments of the population to avoid such selection bias and to provide representing results.