Final answer:
The juvenile justice system involves two orientations: rehabilitation, which aims at reintegration of young offenders into society, and retribution, which focuses on punishing and deterring crimes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two distinct orientations involved in the juvenile justice system are often described as rehabilitation and retribution. Rehabilitation focuses on transforming young offenders into law-abiding citizens through various forms of treatment, education, and community support. In contrast, retribution seeks to punish juveniles for their crimes, emphasizing the aspect of accountability and the deterrence of future offenses. Both orientations aim to address juvenile delinquency but differ significantly in methods and goals, with rehabilitation being more focused on the offender's reintegration into society and retribution more on the act of punishment itself.