Final answer:
The question refers to the region of Polynesia, which is known for its many islands spread across the Pacific Ocean. Polynesia includes high volcanic islands and low coral islands and has a significant indigenous cultural heritage influenced by globalization and historical events.
Step-by-step explanation:
The region referred to in the question is Polynesia, which is one of three main sub-regions in the Pacific, the other two being Micronesia and Melanesia. Polynesia spans a large area in the central and southern Pacific Ocean and includes many islands with diverse political statuses, from independent countries to territories controlled by other nations. This expansive region is known for its high islands with mountainous interiors and rich indigenous cultural heritage, although Western influences are substantial as well.
Polynesia includes island groups such as the Hawaiian Islands, Samoa, Tonga, and French Polynesia, with New Zealand's Maori population having origins in this vast expanse. The area has a mix of volcanic and coral islands, differentiated by their elevation and geological formation. The influence of globalization and historical events, including World War II, have significantly shaped the present conditions and relationships of these islands with larger powers like the United States, France, and New Zealand.